Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common urological disease among older men. About 50% of men between the ages of 51 and 60 have BPH, which jumps to 70% among men aged 60 to 69 and around 80% of men over 70.
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What Is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia?
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a condition in which your prostate grows but isn’t cancerous.
The prostate gland rests below your bladder and in front of your rectum. It’s about the size of a walnut and surrounds a part of your urethra. Your urethra is a tube that carries urine (pee) and sperm (ejaculate) out of your body. If your prostate grows, it can prevent pee and ejaculate from passing through your urethra.
Conditions related to male reproductive system is treated by a urologist.
What Are The Causes Of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia?
The exact cause unknown, but according to one theory, the amount of testosterone in your body decreases (low testosterone) as you age. At the same time, your estrogen levels don’t change. These hormone changes may cause your prostate cells to grow. However, people who take supplemental testosterone may develop or worsen BPH.
Older men and people with AMAB (assigned make at birth) also have higher levels of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT is a more potent form of testosterone that increases the size of your prostate.
Other possible causes of benign prostatic hyperplasia may include:
- Urinary tract infection
- Inflamed prostate
- Narrowing of the urethra, the tube that carries urine out of the body
- Scarring in the bladder neck due to surgery in the past
- Bladder or kidney stones
- Prostate or bladder cancer
Certain medicines can also cause prostate enlargement, like:
- Powerful pain-relieving medicines called opioids
- Allergy and cold medicines
- Older medicines for depression called tricyclic antidepressants
What Are The Symptoms Of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia?
The symptoms or warning signs of benign prostatic hyperplasia include:
- Frequent or urgent need to pee
- Peeing more often at night
- Weak urine stream, or a stream that stops and starts
- Not being able to empty the bladder fully
- Slowness or dribbling when you pee
- Difficulty starting to pee
- Leaking
- Pain after ejaculating or while peeing
- Your pee changes color
- Your pee smells
Other less common symptoms may include:
- Urinary tract infection
- Not being able to pee
- Blood in the urine
How Is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Diagnosed?
The doctor will perform a digital rectal examination on you to feel the edges and surface of your prostate, estimate the size of your prostate and detect any problem areas that could be cancer. Other tests in the physical examination include:
- Blood tests: To check whether you have kidney diseases or not.
- Urine tests: To check whether you have any illness that might cause BPH.
Other tests to confirm BHP include:
- Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test. PSA is a protein made in the prostate. PSA levels go up when the prostate becomes enlarged. But higher PSA levels also can be due to recent procedures, illnesses, surgery, or prostate cancer.
- Urinary flow test. You pee into a container attached to a machine. The machine measures how strong your urine flow is and how much urine you pass. Test results can show whether your condition improves or worsens over time.
- Postvoid residual volume test. This test measures whether you can empty your bladder fully. The test can be done using an imaging exam called ultrasound. Or it can be done with a tube called a catheter placed into your bladder after you pee to measure how much urine is left in the bladder.
- 24-hour voiding diary. This involves noting how often and how much you pee. It is helpful if you make more than a third of your daily urine at night.
- Cystoscopy. A lighted, flexible tool is placed into the urethra. It lets a provider see inside the urethra and bladder. Before this test, you will be given a medicine that keeps you from feeling pain.
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What Are The Available Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment In India?
Although BPH can’t be cured, many treatments are available to alleviate the discomfort caused by the symptoms. The treatments are:
1. Medications For Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment In India
- Alpha-blockers: Alpha-blockers work by relaxing the smooth muscle of the bladder neck, and prostate. This makes peeing easier. Eg: Tamsulosin
- 5-alpha reductase inhibitors: These medicines shrink the prostate. They do this by preventing hormone changes that cause the prostate to grow. Eg: Dutasteride
2. Surgery For Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment In India
- Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP): The health practitioner inserts a particular instrument (resectoscope) through the urethra that allows them to see and remove the problem-causing prostate tissue.
- Transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP): The healthcare provider makes two small incisions in your prostate where the urethra and bladder join (bladder neck) to widen your urethra and improve urine flow.
- Transurethral electrovaporization: Your urologist uses an electrode to heat your prostate tissue. The heat turns the tissue cells in the enlarged areas of your prostate into steam.
- GreenLight laser: Your urologist uses a special laser to evaporate the tissues in the enlarged prostate area.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment Cost in India
Depending on the type of treatment chosen by the patient, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment Cost in India ranges between $2500 to $4000.
Top 12 Hospitals For Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment in India
There are many reputed hospitals for benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment in India. These hospitals are known for their cutting-edge medical equipment and renowned doctors. The hospitals are also known for their palliative care.
The Hospitals are:
- Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Delhi
- SCI International Hospital, Delhi
- Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Delhi
- Fortis Hospital and Kidney Institute, Kolkata
- Apollo Hospitals City Centre, Ahmedabad
- Apollo Specialty Hospital, Chennai
- Sri Ramachandra Medical Center, Chennai
- Sharda Hospitals, Greater NOIDA
- Fortis Hospital, Shalimar Bagh, Delhi
- Rainbow Children’s Hospital and BirthRight by Rainbow Hospitals, Bannerghatta, Bangalore
- La Midas – Medical Aesthetic and Wellness Center, Gururgram
- Manipal Hospitals, Delhi
FAQs On Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment in India
Does having benign prostatic hyperplasia increase the risk of prostate cancer?
Studies indicate that individuals with BPH are less likely to develop prostate cancer. Nevertheless, BPH and prostate cancer have comparable indications. Therefore, if one is diagnosed with BPH, one may also unknowingly have prostate cancer.
What happens if you leave an enlarged prostate untreated?
Without treatment, BPH can cause further blockage in your urethra, and your symptoms may worsen. It may also cause:
- Urinary tract infection.
- Bladder stones.
- Blood in your pee.
- Kidney damage due to pee backflow from your bladder up to your kidney. The pee backflow increases pressure on your kidney.
What Is The Cost Of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment in India?
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment Cost in India ranges between $2500 to $4000, depending on the patient’s chosen treatment.
The above article has been proofread by our in-house health expert Dr Alok Pandey, physician (MBBS).
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