Cystic hygromas are benign tumors that look like fluid-filled sacs, frequently arising on the neck of a newborn. The cyst forms when the lymphatic system gets blocked and fluid to builds up under the skin. These cysts can be life-threatening and could lead to miscarriage or stillbirth. It is a congenital malfunction of lymphatic system and is a cystic variety of lymphangioma. It mostly occurs at cervico-facial regions and axilla.

The presence of hygroma during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage or stillbirth.

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Symptoms of Cystic Hygroma

The symptoms of a cystic hygroma can differ depending on how big and where the fluid-filled sac (cyst) is. Some of them are:

• A bulge under the skin.
• The skin over the cyst has a blue tint.
• The cyst is soft.
• The cyst most often appears on the neck but can form anywhere on the body.
• Size ranges from grape to grapefruit and could increase as the baby grows.

Severe symptoms of a cystic hygroma include:

• Physically disfigured part of the body.
• Bone or organ damage.
• Feeding difficulties.
• Difficulty breathing (airway obstruction).
• Hemorrhage.
• Infection.

Causes Of Cystic Hygroma

A cystic hygroma’s actual cause is not specific. The cyst develops due to harm to the lymphatic system during the pregnancy or, in cases affecting adults, due to physical trauma or a respiratory illness. When the lymphatic system is damaged, lymph fluid builds up beneath the skin rather than moving through the bloodstream, which causes a fluid bulge or sac-like protrusion.

How Is Cystic Hygroma Diagnosed?

At the point when you’re pregnant, your primary care physician might find your child’s cystic hygroma during a standard ultrasound. Usually, around the 20th week of pregnancy, these cysts are discovered. You might even begin to notice it after your child is born or even later in their life. Between 15 and 20 weeks, a blood test to look for alpha-fetoprotein can aid with the diagnosis.

Your doctor may suggest the following genetic tests if they find any problems:

• CVS (chorionic villus sampling): The doctor removes some of these wispy pieces of tissue from the placenta that share your baby’s genetic makeup.

• Amniocentesis: The doctor tests a sample of your amniotic fluid to test for genetic conditions.

If the cystic hygromas are visible only post-childbirth, the surgeon determines the exact location, size, and nature of the swellings utilizing X-rays, CT scans, and ultrasounds.

What Are The Complications Of Cystic Hygroma?

You might produce too much or too little amniotic fluid due to a cystic hygroma, which could endanger the health of your unborn child. It frequently results in a miscarriage. There may be additional issues for a newborn with cystic hygroma. Other complications may include:

• The mass may compress your baby’s trachea (windpipe).

• Your baby may develop facial deformities.

• The cyst can lead to a skin infection called cellulitis.

• Surgery to remove it can cause problems, including nerve damage and heavy bleeding.

• The cystic hygroma may grow back.

Cystic Hygroma Treatments

Doctors surgically remove cystic hygroma. It has a 15% probability of returning if some of it is left behind. But usually, the treatment for cystic hygroma is unique for each child.

Other treatment options include:

• Percutaneous drainage: Draining fluid from the cyst.

• Sclerotherapy: Rerouting the cyst’s fluid through the body by giving an injection of sclerosing agent.

• Laser therapy: Removing the cyst with a laser.

• Radiofrequency ablation: Shrink the size of the cyst.

Cystic Hygroma Treatment Cost In India

The cost of cystic hygroma treatment in India depends on the size and location of the cyst, along with the type of treatment recommended by your healthcare provider. The treatment costs start from USD 200 to USD 2000.

The cost of cystic hygroma treatment varies greatly as each case has a unique treatment plan. Some cases may require additional treatments prior to surgery, while others can be resolved solely through surgery.

Cystic Hygroma Treatment Hospitals In India

Indian hospitals specialize in pediatric care. Many reputed healthcare chains take care of such cases.

The hospitals for Cystic Hygroma Treatment In India are:

1. Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta, Bangalore
2. Medanta the Medicity, Gurugram
3. Max Super Specialty Hospital, Saket, Delhi
4. Care Institute of Medical Sciences, Ahmedabad
5. BLK Super Specialty Hospital, Delhi
6. Batra Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Delhi
7. Fortis Hospital, Ahmedabad
8. Venkateshwar Hospital, Delhi
9. Sims Hospital, Chennai
10. Fortis Hospital, Kolkata

FAQs On Cystic Hygroma Treatment In India

1. What is the best treatment for cystic hygroma?

Treatment options for babies with cystic hygromas that interfere with functionality include surgical removal or injection sclerotherapy. Cosmetic surgery may be explored later in childhood to eliminate cystic hygroma or lessen any scars from a prior procedure.

2. What is the difference between lymphatic malformation and cystic hygroma?

Lymphatic defects mainly fall into two categories: Microcystic lymphatic defects are spongy, include microscopic cysts, and have small veins. Known also as cystic hygromas or lymphangiomas, macro cystic lymphatic malformations contain huge, stretched arteries and cysts that are either filled with lymph, blood from internal bleeding, or both.

3. How is cystic hygroma treated during pregnancy?

If a cystic hygroma is present at birth or develops later in life, it may typically be treated. Surgery is the first stage of treatment. To stop the growth from returning, the entire growth must be removed. However, your doctor might decide against removing large cystic hygromas in some circumstances.

In such cases, the doctor will shrink the cyst using steroids or radiotherapy and then surgically remove the cyst.

4. Do Cystic Hygromas Go Away?

Cystic hygromas are frequently linked to chromosomal abnormalities. However, cystic hygroma may occasionally disappear if the child has healthy chromosomes and no additional medical conditions. Cystic hygromas, however, typically require surgical excision of the cyst.

5. Can babies live with cystic hygroma?

The overall survival rate for fetal cystic hygroma is 10%. Prognosis remains guarded regardless of all other factors until the fetus reaches 26 weeks gestation, after which time a 67% chance of ultimate survival can be expected.

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The above article has been proofread by our in-house health expert Dr Alok Pandey, physician (MBBS).

Choose GoMedii for the best Cystic Hygroma Treatment in India

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